Early literacy refers to the development of language and literacy skills in young children, typically from birth to age five. This research area focuses on understanding the early cognitive, social, and emotional factors that contribute to children's literacy development. Researchers in this area explore how children acquire skills such as phonological awareness, print awareness, vocabulary, and comprehension, and how these skills lay the foundation for later reading and writing success. Early literacy research often includes studies on the effectiveness of early intervention programs, the role of parents and caregivers in promoting literacy in young children, and the impact of technology on early literacy development. Overall, early literacy research aims to identify best practices for supporting young children in becoming proficient readers and writers.